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Autumn Equinox
추분 ( 秋分 , Chubun )
Chubun (Kor. 추분, Chin. 秋分, lit. Autumn Equinox) is one of the twenty-four solar terms, occurring between Baengno (Kor. 백로, Chin. 白露, lit. White Dew) and Hallo (Kor. 한로, Chin. 寒露, lit. Cold Dew). Falling approximately on September twenty-third on the Gregorian calendar, Chubun usually occurs sometime during the eighth lunar month. At the equinox, day and night are equal in length, and in astronomy, the autumn equinox refers to the day when the sun passes through the ecliptic at 180°. After Chubun
Korean Seasonal Customs -
Bearded Grain
망종 ( 芒種 , Mangjong )
Mangjong (Kor. 망종, Chin. 芒種, lit. bearded grain) is the ninth of the twenty-four solar terms. Occurring between Soman (Kor. 소만, Chin. 小滿, Beginning of Grain Ripening) and Haji (Kor. 하지, Chin. 夏至, Summer Solstice), Mangjong usually falls during the fifth month on the lunar calendar and happens around June sixth on the Gregorian calendar. The sun reaches the celestial longitude of 75 degrees on this day. As suggested by its name, Mangjong indicates the appropriate time to harvest the first crop an
Korean Seasonal Customs -
Beginning of Fall
입추 ( 立秋 , Ipchu )
Ipchu (Kor. 입추, Chin. 立秋, lit. onset of fall) is the thirteenth of the twenty-four solar terms. It falls around August eighth on the Gregorian calendar when the sun reaches the celestial longitude of 120°. On the lunar calendar, this term is usually in the seventh month. Located between the solar terms of Daeseo (Kor. 대서, Chin. 大暑, Major Heat) and Cheoseo (Kor. 처서, Chin. 處暑, End of Heat), Ipchu is regarded as the end of summer and the beginning of fall, which lasts until Ipdong (Kor. 입동, Chin. 立
Korean Seasonal Customs -
Beginning of Grain Ripening
소만 ( 小滿 , Soman )
The eighth of the twenty-four solar terms, Soman (Kor. 소만, Chin. 小滿, Beginning of Grain Ripening) is around May twenty-first on the Gregorian calendar and occurs during the fourth lunar month. The sun is positioned at 60 degrees on the ecliptic. Falling between Ipha (Kor. 입하, Chin. 立夏, Beginning of Summer) and Mangjong (Kor. 망종, Chin. 芒種, Bearded Grain, the barley harvest season), Soman marks a period during which the increasing sun hours promote the growth of all living things and fill the eart
Korean Seasonal Customs -
Beginning of Spring
입춘 ( 立春 , Ipchun )
Ipchun (Kor. 입춘, Chin. 立春, Beginning of Spring), the first of the twenty four solar terms, occurs between Daehan (Kor. 대한, Chin. 大寒, lit. Great Cold) and Usu (Kor. 우수, Chin. 雨水, lit. The First Rainfall of the Year) and falls approximately on February fourth on the Gregorian calendar. On this day the Ecliptic rises to 315° from the horizon. In the lunar calendar, Ipchun lands on the first month of the year. Ipchun can occur twice in some years, once in January and once in the following December.
Korean Seasonal Customs -
Beginning of Summer
입하 ( 立夏 , Ipha )
The seventh of the twenty-four solar terms, Ipha (Kor. 입하, Chin. 立夏, Beginning of Summer) is in the fourth lunar month and falls approximately on May sixth on the Gregorian calendar. On Ipha the sun is at 45 degrees on the ecliptic. Preceded by Gogu (Kor. 곡우, Chin. 穀雨, Grain Rain) and followed by Soman (Kor. 소만, Chin. 小滿, Beginning of Grain Ripening), it is considered the official gateway of summer. Ipha is also known as Maengnyang (Kor. 맥량, Chin. 麥凉) or Maekchu (Kor. 맥추, Chin. 麥秋), which means
Korean Seasonal Customs -
Beginning of Winter
입동 ( 立冬 , Ipdong )
The ninth of the twenty-four solar terms, Ipdong (Kor. 입동, Chin. 立冬), literally means “onset of winter.” Falling on the day when the sun is at an ecliptic longitude of 225°, Ipdong falls on November seventh or eighth on the Gregorian calendar, and always during the tenth month on the lunar calendar. Ipdong happens a fortnight or so after the previous solar term, Sanggang (Kor. 상강, Chin. 霜降, lit. Fall of Frost) and a fortnight or so before Soseol (Kor. 소설, Chin. 小雪, lit. First Snow). White radish
Korean Seasonal Customs -
Cold Dew
한로 ( 寒露 , Hallo )
Hallo (Kor. 한로, Chin. 寒露, lit. Cold Dew), the seventeenth of the twenty-four solar terms, is marked by a drop in temperature, when dew is on the verge of turning into frost. On the Gregorian calendar, Hallo usually falls on October eighth or ninth, when the sun is at 195° on the ecliptic. On the lunar calendar, Hallo falls in the ninth month. At this time of year, farmers thresh grain and are busy trying to finish all harvest-related tasks before the temperature plummets further. The colors of t
Korean Seasonal Customs -
Day of Awakening from Hibernation
경칩 ( 驚蟄 , Gyeongchip )
The Gyeongchip (Kor. 경칩, Chin. 驚蟄, Day of Awakening from Hibernation), also known as Gyechip (Kor. 계칩, Chin. 啓蟄), is the third of the twenty-four solar terms and occurs on the 74th day after the winter solstice at which time the sun is at the ecliptic longitutde of 345 degrees. Gyeongchip falls on approximately March fifth on Gregorian calendar. When living things in the northern hemisphere awaken from their hibernation in early March, the continental anticyclone weakens, and the Korean peninsul
Korean Seasonal Customs -
Day of Grain Rain
곡우 ( 穀雨 , Gogu )
The sixth of the twenty-four solar terms, Gogu (Kor. 곡우, Chin. 穀雨, lit. Grain Rain) follows Cheongmyeong (Kor. 청명, Chin. 淸明, Day of Pure Brightness) and precedes Ipha (Kor. 입하, Chin. 立夏, Beginning of Summer). It is usually in the middle of the third lunar month and occurs around April twentieth on the Gregorian calendar. Gogu, literally meaning “grain rain, ” is the day when spring rain generates the growth of farm crops. Around the time of Gogu, rural households prepare rice seed beds and proce
Korean Seasonal Customs
